[Todos] Nuevo Seminario del Instituto de Cálculo: Jueves 16 de Agosto a las 13 hs.

[gduran en dm.uba.ar]

Seminario de Matemática Aplicada e Industrial del Instituto de Cálculo

Jueves 16 de Agosto de 2012 – 13hs.

Lugar: Instituto de Cálculo, Segundo Piso, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria

De 13:00 a 15:00, 2 charlas, a cargo de Gabriel Wainer (Profesor de
Carleton University, Ottawa, Canadá y Profesor visitante del DC de la
FCEN-UBA) y Kenneth Chelst (Profesor de Wayne State University, Detroit,
USA)

13:00 hs: Gabriel Wainer, “Discrete-Event Modeling and Simulation with
DEVS and Cell-DEVS” (en español)

En esta charla se presentará  un método formal de modelización a eventos
discretos, y su aplicación a diversos campos: problemas de la biología,
del medio ambiente, de la física e informáticos (redes de computadoras,
robótica, etc).

13:45 hs: Break (con sándwiches y bebidas)

14:00 hs: Kenneth Chelst, “A Value-Added Process for One-Time Decisions”
(en inglés)

En esta charla se mostrará la importancia de la utilización de
herramientas analíticas en la toma de decisiones en diferentes ámbitos,
donde están involucrados objetivos múltiples e incertidumbre.

Resumen de la charla del Prof. Wainer:

Recent advances in computer technology have influenced simulation
techniques to become an effective approach to understand physical systems.
In recent years, grid-shaped cellular models have gained popularity in
this sense. In particular, Cellular Automata (CA) have been widely used
with these purposes. CA have received much attention but CA can require
large amounts of compute time, mainly due to its synchronous nature. The
use of a discrete time base also constrains the precision of the model.
Besides this, CA do not describe adequately most of existing physical
systems whose nature is asynchronous.

The Cell-DEVS formalism was defined in order to attack these problems.
Cellular automata are defined using discrete variables for time, space and
system states. Instead, Cell-DEVS is based on the DEVS formalism, a
continuous time technique. The goal of Cell-DEVS is to build
discrete-event cell spaces, improving their definition by making the
timing specification more expressive. DEVS models are described using a
hierarchical and modular specification, and different modeling formalisms
were successfully mapped as DEVS (Petri Nets, Queuing Networks, Finite
State Machines, etc.). Therefore, we can now build cellular models that
can interact with others described using different modeling techniques.
DEVS and Cell-DEVS formalisms were implemented in a modeling and
simulation tool (CD++), which was successfully used to develop different
types of systems: biological (ecological models, heart tissue, ant
foraging systems, fire spread, etc.), physical (diffusion, binary
solidification, excitable media, surface tension, etc.), artificial (robot
trajectories, traffic problems, heat seeking devices, etc.), and others.
The independence of M&S tasks made possible to run DEVS models on
different environments (personal computers, parallel computers, real-time
equipment, and distributed simulators) and middleware (CORBA, MPI, HLA,
RT-CORBA, RT-Linux, and a wide variety of Operating Systems and
programming languages).

In this talk, we will introduce the main characteristics of the DEVS and
Cell-DEVS formalisms, and will show how to model complex cell spaces in an
asynchronous parallel environment. We will focus in showing how the
application of these techniques can improve model definition, reducing the
development times of software applications developed to study this kind of
systems. We will also focus in describing how to create models that can be
executed automatically in a parallel environment without any modifications
to the original models, or user intervention. We will present different
examples of application, and discuss open research issues in this area. We
will then show some examples of the current use of DEVS, including
applications in different fields (biology, physics, defense, industry, and
embedded systems development). We will finally discuss current open topics
in the area, which include advanced methods for centralized, parallel or
distributed simulation.


Resumen de la charla del Prof. Chelst:

One survey reported that 45 percent of executives use intuition more than
analysis to run their businesses. This talk begins with a review of case
against intuition as a primary decision process for decisions involving
significant uncertainty and multiple objectives. Examples of the types of
decisions we are interested are: Which supplier to use to design and
manufacture a major automotive subsystem? Which kitchen contractor to hire
to remodel your kitchen? Which country to locate a computer screen
manufacturer? Where to buy a house? When to upgrade technology? Typically
these decisions occur infrequently and involve both hard data and
subjective expert judgment.
The talk will include a brief review of the standard analytic tools,
Decision Trees and Multi-Attribute Utility theory. However, it will focus
on the soft issues involved in utilizing these tools. These include,
framing the decision, incorporating multiple perspectives, and obtaining
multiple perspective buy-in. It will highlight concerns of forecasting
bias and decision making bias.  We conclude with a discussion and
illustration of the concept of value added decision making. A value-added
decision process is capable of generating alternatives that are better
than the original set of decision alternatives.  It is this last point
that we believe is the strongest reason for replacing gut feel with a
structured decision process.

CV resumido del Prof Wainer:

GABRIEL A. WAINER, SMSCS, SMIEEE, received the M.Sc. (1993) at the
University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the Ph.D. (1998, with highest
honors) at the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Université
d’Aix-Marseille III, France. After being Assistant Professor at the
Computer Science Department of UBA, in July 2000 he joined the Department
of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University (Ottawa, ON,
Canada), where he is now Full Professor. He has held visiting positions at
the University of Arizona, LSIS (CNRS), University Paul Cezanne,
University of Nice, INRIA Sophia-Antipolis (France), UCM (Spain) and
others. He is the author of three books and over 260 research articles; he
edited four other books, and helped organizing over 120 conferences,
including being one of the founders of SIMUTools and SimAUD. He was PI of
different research projects (funded by NSERC, CFI, GRAND, MITACS, Autodesk
Research, IBM, Intel, INRIA, CANARIE, Precarn, Usenix, CONICET, ANPCYT).
Prof. Wainer is the Vice-President Conferences, and was a Vice-President
Publications and a member of the Board of Directors of SCS. He is Special
Issues Editor of SIMULATION, member of the Editorial Board of IEEE
Computing in Science and Engineering, Wireless Networks (Elsevier),
Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation (SCS), and International
Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling (Inderscience). He is the head
of the Advanced Real-Time Simulation lab, located at Carleton University's
Centre for advanced Simulation and Visualization (V-Sim). He is also the
Director of the Ottawa Center of The McLeod Institute of Simulation
Sciences and chair of the Ottawa M&SNet. He has been the recipient of
various awards, including the IBM Eclipse Innovation Award, SCS Leadership
Award, and various Best Paper awards. He has been awarded Carleton
University's Research Achievement Award (2005-2006), the First Bernard P.
Zeigler DEVS Modeling and Simulation Award, and the SCS Outstanding
Professional Award (2011). His current research interests are related with
modelling methodologies and tools, parallel/distributed simulation and
real-time systems. His e-mail and web addresses are
<gwainer en sce.carleton.ca> and <www.sce.carleton.ca/faculty/wainer>.


CV resumido del Prof Chelst:

Kenneth Chelst is professor of operations research and Director of
Engineering Management in the Department of Industrial and Systems
Engineering at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan. He received
the Ph.D. degree in operations research from M.I.T. In 2011 Professor
Chelst was honored with the INFORMS Presidents’ Award for his work in high
school mathematics and for the application of OR to public safety
management. He is co-PI on Project MINDSET, a five-year $3 million NSF
project to develop and implement a high school mathematics course that is
driven by real-world scenarios and utilizes OR concepts that can be taught
to a wide range of high school students who have completed the algebra
curriculum. He is co-author Does this line ever move? Everyday
Applications of Operations Research which has been translated into
Spanish, Avanzara Esta Fila Alguna Vez?: Aplicaiones de la Investigacion
de Operaciones. As Director of Engineering Management, he oversees a
master’s degree program for Ford Motor Company engineers on a career path
to technical leadership. Every year, he guides working engineers in the
program as they address two or three strategic issues at Ford. One of
these team projects facilitated a projected savings of $250 million and
led to an Edelman Prize Finalist Award in 2000.  Dr. Chelst is co-author
of the recently published, Value Added Decision Making for Managers.